The principle of ground penetrating radar (GPR) is based on the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves to detect objects and structures below the surface. A GPR system transmits high-frequency radio waves into the ground using an antenna. When these waves encounter a boundary with different electrical properties, such as between the ground and a buried object, part of the wave is reflected back to the surface. The GPR system then receives and records these reflected signals.
By analyzing the delay and resistance of reflections, it is possible to create a profile of subsurface features and detect objects, voids or changes in material composition.
The principle of ground penetrating radar involves the use of electromagnetic waves to probe the subsurface. GPR operates by emitting short pulses of high-frequency radio waves into the ground. As these waves pass through the ground, they reflect boundaries when there is a contrast in the dielectric properties of materials, such as between different types of soil, rock, or buried objects.
The reflected waves are captured by a receiving antenna and recorded for analysis. The time it takes for waves to return to the surface and the magnitude of reflections provides information about the depth and characteristics of subsurface features. This non-invasive technique allows mapping and imaging of underground structures without the need for excavation