A ground penetrating radar (GPR) survey involves using radar technology to non-invasively study underground structures and focuses below the ground surface. It works by emitting high-frequency electromagnetic pulses into the ground from a transmitting antenna. These pulses penetrate the ground and bounce back to the surface when they encounter changes in material properties, buried objects, or interfaces between different materials. The return signals are received by a receiving antenna and recorded by the GPR system.
Data collected during the survey is processed to create detailed cross-sectional images or profiles of the subsurface, revealing the presence, depth and characteristics of buried objects or structures.
The purpose of ground penetrating radar (GPR) is to provide insight into the underground environment without the need for excavation.
It is used for a variety of applications including locating underground utilities such as pipes and cables, assessing concrete structures for deterioration or placement of reinforcement, detecting artifacts or archaeological features, and mapping geological formations. GPR helps with planning and decision-making by providing accurate information about underground conditions, enabling better management of construction projects, infrastructure maintenance and archaeological investigations.
To conduct a GPR survey, several steps are typically followed.
First, the area of interest is identified and marked. The GPR equipment is then configured, which involves assembling the radar unit, connecting the antennas and calibrating the system according to the specific survey requirements. During the survey, radar equipment is moved systematically over the survey area at a consistent pace and orientation. Data is collected continuously as the radar pulses and receives reflected signals from underground.
After arrival, the collected data is processed using specialized software to filter noise, improve signal quality and generate images or profiles of underground features. Interpretation of processed data involves analyzing radar images to identify and map buried objects, structures or anomalies
