Frequency bands are allocated through international agreements and regulatory bodies that oversee spectrum management. These agreements, such as those set by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), divide the radio frequency spectrum into bands based on their characteristics and intended uses. Each band is allocated for specific services or applications, such as broadcasting, mobile communication, satellite communication and scientific research.
National regulatory authorities then implement these allocations in their jurisdictions to ensure efficient and interference-free use of the spectrum.
Frequency bands are determined based on several factors, including technical considerations, propagation characteristics of radio waves at different frequencies, and the requirements of various applications. For example, lower frequency bands (e.g., below 1 GHz) are suitable for long-distance communication due to their ability to penetrate obstacles and travel long distances.
Higher frequency bands (e.g., above 1 GHz) provide greater data capacity but may have shorter propagation ranges and higher sensitivity to atmospheric absorption and attenuation.
Frequency band allocation refers to the process of allocating specific portions of the radio frequency spectrum for various uses and services. This involves dividing spectrum into bands and allocating these bands to different applications based on international agreements, national regulations and technical considerations.
Allocation ensures that different users can operate their communications and broadcast systems without causing harmful interference to each other.
Satellite frequencies are allocated through international coordination and regulatory processes, similar to terrestrial frequency bands. The ITU manages the allocation of satellite orbits and frequencies through its radio regulations, which define the rights and responsibilities of satellite operators and ensure equitable access to orbital slots and spectrum resources.
Satellite frequency allocation considers factors such as orbital location, antenna gain, power levels and interference protection criteria to enable communications, broadcasting, navigation and remote sensing services efficient and reliable and reliable