The synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique uses radar signals transmitted from a moving platform, such as an aircraft or satellite, to create high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface. It achieves this by synthesizing a larger antenna aperture electronically through signal processing rather than physically enlarging the antenna. As the platform moves, SAR collects radar returns from different angles along its path, which are combined to form a detailed image with improved resolution compared to conventional radar systems.
The synthetic aperture technique in SAR involves processing radar echoes received from multiple positions along the radar path to simulate a larger antenna aperture. By integrating received signals over a distance (synthetic aperture), SAR achieves resolution equivalent to that of a physically large antenna, resulting in sharper, more detailed images of the Earth’s surface or other targets.
The principle of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) revolves around the concept of coherent signal processing over a long aperture length. As the radar platform moves and continuously transmits radar pulses, it gathers echoes reflected from the ground. By combining these echoes coherently and processing them with advanced algorithms, SAR effectively cancels noise and enhances signal strength, resulting in high-resolution images that reveal beautiful details of terrain features, vegetation and structures artificial.
Satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) refers to SAR systems mounted on satellites orbiting the Earth. These satellites use SAR technology to collect data over large areas of the Earth’s surface systematically and repeatedly. Satellite SAR systems are essential for a wide range of applications, including environmental monitoring, disaster management, agriculture and defense intelligence. They provide global coverage and are able to image the Earth’s surface with consistent quality and resolution, regardless of cloud cover or darkness.